We will be focusing not only on learning new vocabulary but the ending tashkeel of nouns and it is very important for grammar purposes.
This is called تنوين (tanween).
If a noun ends in :-
1) dammah ( ُ ) or dammatayn ( ٌ ) it is مرفوع (marfu') - nominative case
or in a state of رفع (raf').
e.g. * الوَلَدُ طويلٌ
* محمدٌ طويلٌ
2) fathah ( َ ) or fathatayn ( ً ) it is منصوب (mansoob) - accusative case
or in a state of نصب (nasab).
e.g. * رأيتُ الوَلَدَ
* رأيتُ محمدًا
3) kasrah ( ِ ) or kasratayn ( ٍ ) it is مجرور (majrur) - genitive case
or in a state of جر (jarr).
e.g. * محمد في المَسْجِدِ
* هذا قلمُ محمدٍ
When Arabic is spoken, the tanween of the word is not recited. However for the purpose of learning grammar, we will be reciting through out the lessons.
